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<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 6.0 - Default Servlet Reference</title><meta content="Tim Funk" name="author"><style media="print" type="text/css">
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.noPrint {display: none;}
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td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
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</style></head><body vlink="#525D76" alink="#525D76" link="#525D76" text="#000000" bgcolor="#ffffff"><table cellspacing="0" width="100%" border="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img border="0" alt="
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The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
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" align="right" src="./images/tomcat.gif"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 6.0</font></h1></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img border="0" alt="Apache Logo" align="right" src="./images/asf-logo.gif"></a></td></tr></table><table cellspacing="4" width="100%" border="0"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr size="1" noshade></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td class="noPrint" nowrap valign="top" width="20%"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td id="mainBody" align="left" valign="top" width="80%"><h1>Apache Tomcat 6.0</h1><h2>Default Servlet Reference</h2><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
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<ul><li><a href="#what">What is the DefaultServlet</a></li><li><a href="#where">Where is it declared?</a></li><li><a href="#change">What can I change?</a></li><li><a href="#dir">How do I customize directory listings?</a></li><li><a href="#secure">How do I secure directory listings?</a></li></ul>
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</blockquote></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="what"><strong>What is the DefaultServlet</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
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The default servlet is the servlet which serves static resources as well
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as serves the directory listings (if directory listings are enabled).
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</blockquote></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="where"><strong>Where is it declared?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
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It is declared globally in <i>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</i>.
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By default here is it's declaration:
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<div align="left"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4"><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre>
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<servlet>
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<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
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<servlet-class>
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org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet
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</servlet-class>
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<init-param>
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<param-name>debug</param-name>
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<param-value>0</param-value>
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</init-param>
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<init-param>
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<param-name>listings</param-name>
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<param-value>true</param-value>
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</init-param>
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<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
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</servlet>
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...
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<servlet-mapping>
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<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
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<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
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</servlet-mapping>
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</pre></td><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td></tr></table></div>
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So by default, the default servlet is loaded at webapp startup and
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directory listings are enabled and debugging is turned off.
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</blockquote></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="change"><strong>What can I change?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
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The DefaultServlet allows the following initParamters:
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<table border="1">
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<tr>
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<th valign="top">debug</th>
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<td valign="top">
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Debugging level. It is not very useful unless you are a tomcat
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developer. As
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of this writing, useful values are 0, 1, 11, 1000.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th valign="top">listings</th>
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<td valign="top">
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If no welcome file is present, can a directory listing be
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shown?
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value may be <b>true</b> or <b>false</b>
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<br>
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Welcome files are part of the servlet api.
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<br>
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<b>WARNING:</b> Listings of directories containing many entries are
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expensive. Multiple requests for large directory listings can consume
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significant proportions of server resources.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th valign="top">readmeFile</th>
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<td valign="top">
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If a directory listing is presented, a readme file may also
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be presented with the listing. This file is inserted as is
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so it may contain HTML. default value is null
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th valign="top">globalXsltFile</th>
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<td valign="top">
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If you wish to customize your directory listing, you
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can use an XSL transformation. This value is an absolute
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file name which be used for all directory listings.
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This can be overridden per context and/or per directory. See
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<strong>contextXsltFile</strong> and <strong>localXsltFile</strong>
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below. The format of the xml is shown below.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th valign="top">contextXsltFile</th>
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<td valign="top">
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You may also customize your directory listing by context by
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configuring <code>contextXsltFile</code>. This should be a context
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relative path (e.g.: <code>/path/to/context.xslt</code>). This
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overrides <code>globalXsltFile</code>. If this value is present but a
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file does not exist, then <code>globalXsltFile</code> will be used. If
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<code>globalXsltFile</code> does not exist, then the default
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directory listing will be shown.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th valign="top">localXsltFile</th>
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<td valign="top">
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You may also customize your directory listing by directory by
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configuring <code>localXsltFile</code>. This should be a relative
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file name in the directory where the listing will take place.
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This overrides <code>globalXsltFile</code> and
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<code>contextXsltFile</code>. If this value is present but a file
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does not exist, then <code>contextXsltFile</code> will be used. If
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<code>contextXsltFile</code> does not exist, then
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<code>globalXsltFile</code> will be used. If
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<code>globalXsltFile</code> does not exist, then the default
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directory listing will be shown.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th valign="top">input</th>
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<td valign="top">
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Input buffer size (in bytes) when reading
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resources to be served. [2048]
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th valign="top">output</th>
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<td valign="top">
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Output buffer size (in bytes) when writing
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resources to be served. [2048]
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th valign="top">readonly</th>
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<td valign="top">
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Is this context "read only", so HTTP commands like PUT and
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DELETE are rejected? [true]
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th valign="top">fileEncoding</th>
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<td valign="top">
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File encoding to be used when reading static resources.
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[platform default]
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th valign="top">sendfileSize</th>
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<td valign="top">
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If the connector used supports sendfile, this represents the minimal
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file size in KB for which sendfile will be used. Use a negative value
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to always disable sendfile. [48]
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th valign="top">useAcceptRanges</th>
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<td valign="top">
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If true, the Accept-Ranges header will be set when appropriate for the
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response. [true]
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</blockquote></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="dir"><strong>How do I customize directory listings?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
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<p>You can override DefaultServlet with you own implementation and use that
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in your web.xml declaration. If you
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can understand what was just said, we will assume you can read the code
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to DefaultServlet servlet and make the appropriate adjustments. (If not,
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then that method isn't for you)
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</p>
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<p>
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You can use either <code>localXsltFile</code> or
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<code>globalXsltFile</code> and DefaultServlet will create
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an xml document and run it through an xsl transformation based
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on the values provided in <code>localXsltFile</code> and
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<code>globalXsltFile</code>. <code>localXsltFile</code> is first
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checked, followed by <code>globalXsltFile</code>, then default
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behaviors takes place.
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</p>
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<p>
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Format:
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<div align="left"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4"><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre>
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<listing>
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<entries>
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<entry type='file|dir' urlPath='aPath' size='###' date='gmt date'>
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fileName1
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</entry>
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<entry type='file|dir' urlPath='aPath' size='###' date='gmt date'>
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fileName2
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</entry>
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...
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</entries>
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<readme></readme>
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</listing>
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</pre></td><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td></tr></table></div>
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<ul>
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<li>size will be missing if <code>type='dir'</code></li>
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<li>Readme is a CDATA entry</li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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The following is a sample xsl file which mimics the default tomcat behavior:
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<div align="left"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4"><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre>
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
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<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
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version="1.0">
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<xsl:output method="xhtml" encoding="iso-8859-1" indent="no"/>
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<xsl:template match="listing">
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<html>
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<head>
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<title>
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Sample Directory Listing For
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<xsl:value-of select="@directory"/>
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</title>
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<style>
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h1{color : white;background-color : #0086b2;}
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h3{color : white;background-color : #0086b2;}
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body{font-family : sans-serif,Arial,Tahoma;
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color : black;background-color : white;}
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b{color : white;background-color : #0086b2;}
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a{color : black;} HR{color : #0086b2;}
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1>Sample Directory Listing For
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<xsl:value-of select="@directory"/>
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</h1>
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<hr size="1" />
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<table cellspacing="0"
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width="100%"
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cellpadding="5"
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align="center">
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<tr>
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<th align="left">Filename</th>
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<th align="center">Size</th>
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<th align="right">Last Modified</th>
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</tr>
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<xsl:apply-templates select="entries"/>
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</table>
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<xsl:apply-templates select="readme"/>
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<hr size="1" />
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<h3>Apache Tomcat/6.0</h3>
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</body>
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</html>
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</xsl:template>
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<xsl:template match="entries">
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<xsl:apply-templates select="entry"/>
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</xsl:template>
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<xsl:template match="readme">
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<hr size="1" />
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<pre><xsl:apply-templates/></pre>
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</xsl:template>
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<xsl:template match="entry">
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<tr>
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<td align="left">
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<xsl:variable name="urlPath" select="@urlPath"/>
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<a href="{$urlPath}">
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<tt><xsl:apply-templates/></tt>
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</a>
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</td>
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<td align="right">
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<tt><xsl:value-of select="@size"/></tt>
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</td>
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<td align="right">
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<tt><xsl:value-of select="@date"/></tt>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</xsl:template>
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</xsl:stylesheet>
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</pre></td><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" alt="" src="./images/void.gif"></td></tr></table></div>
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</blockquote></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="secure"><strong>How do I secure directory listings?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
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Use web.xml in each individual webapp. See the security section of the
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Servlet specification.
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</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr size="1" noshade></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font size="-1" color="#525D76"><em>
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Copyright © 1999-2010, Apache Software Foundation
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</em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html> |