rust: time: Make Instant generic over ClockSource

Refactor the Instant type to be generic over a ClockSource type
parameter, enabling static enforcement of clock correctness across
APIs that deal with time. Previously, the clock source was implicitly
fixed (typically CLOCK_MONOTONIC), and developers had to ensure
compatibility manually.

This design eliminates runtime mismatches between clock sources, and
enables stronger type-level guarantees throughout the timer subsystem.

Reviewed-by: Andreas Hindborg <a.hindborg@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250610093258.3435874-3-fujita.tomonori@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Andreas Hindborg <a.hindborg@kernel.org>

rust/kernel/time.rs

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 //! C header: [`include/linux/jiffies.h`](srctree/include/linux/jiffies.h).
 //! C header: [`include/linux/ktime.h`](srctree/include/linux/ktime.h).
 
+use core::marker::PhantomData;
+
 pub mod hrtimer;
 
 /// The number of nanoseconds per microsecond.
@@ -136,12 +138,21 @@ impl ClockSource for Tai {
 ///
 /// The `inner` value is in the range from 0 to `KTIME_MAX`.
 #[repr(transparent)]
-#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord)]
-pub struct Instant {
+#[derive(PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord)]
+pub struct Instant<C: ClockSource> {
     inner: bindings::ktime_t,
+    _c: PhantomData<C>,
 }
 
-impl Instant {
+impl<C: ClockSource> Clone for Instant<C> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        *self
+    }
+}
+
+impl<C: ClockSource> Copy for Instant<C> {}
+
+impl<C: ClockSource> Instant<C> {
     /// Get the current time using `CLOCK_MONOTONIC`.
     #[inline]
     pub fn now() -> Self {
@@ -150,6 +161,7 @@ impl Instant {
         Self {
             // SAFETY: It is always safe to call `ktime_get()` outside of NMI context.
             inner: unsafe { bindings::ktime_get() },
+            _c: PhantomData,
         }
     }
 
@@ -160,12 +172,12 @@ impl Instant {
     }
 }
 
-impl core::ops::Sub for Instant {
+impl<C: ClockSource> core::ops::Sub for Instant<C> {
     type Output = Delta;
 
     // By the type invariant, it never overflows.
     #[inline]
-    fn sub(self, other: Instant) -> Delta {
+    fn sub(self, other: Instant<C>) -> Delta {
         Delta {
             nanos: self.inner - other.inner,
         }